Unit 6

WORKSHEET - UNIT 6

Task 1 – Identify the following tenses, giving your reason for the identification:

a) Peter went to the cinema yesterday evening.

Past simple, the action was finished at a DEFINITE time in the past.

b) He had been living there for most of his life.

Past perfect continuous, talks about a past situation that occurred for a long time and that has already ended.

c) I was sleeping at 2.00AM.

Past continuous, action that happened in the past at a defined time, and continued after that.

d) John and Mary hadn’t been there before.

Past perfect, The verb “hadn’t” refers to an action that occurred in the past BUT before the subject performed his action.

Task 2 – State as many usages as possible of the past tenses below, with an example sentence for each usage (not a sentence from the unit!).

a) Past simple

- For a past action definite time:

I made my bed right after I woke up.

- When the time is asked:

When did you catch that fish?

- Action took place at a definite time, even though time is not mentioned:

I bought my house last year.

- Time becomes definite due to the answer of the question:

Where were you last night? I was at the cinema.

b) Past continuous

- Interrupted past actions:

While I was walking I felt sick.

- Used without a time expression:

The river was getting rough.

- Action that began in the past and probably still goes on:

At 9:00 pm he was driving home from work.

- Description:

I was going crazy this morning.

c) Past perfect

Action that occurred in the past BUT before the subject performed another action.

When I was young I was fat.

d) Past perfect continuous

Past perfect continuous, talks about a past situation that occurred for a long time and that has already ended.

While I was growing up I collected many stamps.

Task 3 – State how the tenses below are formed grammatically.  Explain positive, negative and question forms:

a) Past simple

Regular verbs:
Affirmative: (Base form + “ED”)

Negative: (did not + Base form)
Question: (did + subject + base form)

b) Past continuous

Affirmative: (Subject + was/were + verb + ing)
Negative: (Subject + was/were + not + verb + ing)
Question: (Was/were + subject + verb + ing)

c) Past perfect

Affirmative: (Subject + had + past participle)
Negative: (Subject + had + not + past participle)
Question: (Had + subject + past participle)

d) Past perfect continuous

Affirmative: (Subject + had + been + verb + ing)
Negative: (Subject + had + not + been + verb + ing)
Question: (Had + subject + been + verb + ing)

Task 4 – Give at least 2 teaching ideas (suitable for the Activate stage of a lesson) for the tenses below and give examples of sentences that you would expect your students to produce:

a) Past simple

Past simple, the action was finished at a DEFINITE time in the past.

Create a scenario where you are going to have a job interview. One group of students will create the resume (in past simple, since it is comprised of actions in the past finished at a definite date). The other group will conduct the interview of the first.

Ex/:

I worked at the Bank of NY Mellon until December 2007.

b) Past continuous

Interrupted past actions, sometimes used without a time expression, an action that Astarte din the past and can still go on.

Create a time management sheet. First make the student create a detailed log of all the activities they did during the day in half hour intervals. And them analyze the sheet with them and see how they manage their time. This is a good activity

Ex/:

At 7:00 this morning I was eating cereal.

c) Past perfect

Action that occurred in the past BUT before the subject performed another action.

Start by telling an anecdote about yourself, something that changed your life. Then make student write down things that changed their lives and how they got to do them.

Ex/: When I was 6, I realized I had a deep love for animals.

d) Past perfect continuous

Past perfect continuous, talks about a past situation that occurred for a long time and that has already ended.

Using the detailed log created in the previous activity start describing the activities performed in an inverse chronological order.

Ex/: Before eating breakfast I was taking a shower for half an hour.

Task 5 – Complete the past simple form of these irregular verbs:

VERB	PAST SIMPLE	VERB	PAST SIMPLE
tell	Told	hide	Hid
be	Was/were	eat	Ate
bring	Brought	find	Found
do	Did	buy	Bought
see	saw	go	went

Task 6 - Complete the past participle form of the same irregular verbs:

VERB	PAST PARTICIPLE	VERB	PAST PARTICIPLE
tell	Told	hide	Hidden
be	Been	eat	Eaten
bring	Brought	find	Found
do	Done	buy	Bought
see	Seen	go	gone

Task 7 – How would you explain the difference in structure and usage between these tenses to a low-level student? Illustrate your explanations with example sentences of your own:

a) Past simple and past continuous

i) Explanation of differences in structure:

Past simple: Affirmative: (Base form + “ED”)

Past Continuous: Affirmative: (Subject + was/were + verb + ing)
The past simple is only the base form of the verb with the added termination “ED” or “D”. The past continuous is developed around what the subject is doing.

ii) Differences in usage:

The past simple is just something that happened in the past, the past continuous is something that happened in the past and still goes on.

iii) Example sentences:

Past simple: Affirmative: (Base form + “ED”)

I ran this morning.

Past Continuous: Affirmative: (Subject + was/were + verb + ing)
I was running this morning.

b) Past simple and present perfect

i) Explanation of differences in structure:

Past simple: Past simple: Affirmative: (Base form + “ED”)

Present perfect: Affirmative (sub+ aux. verb + have + past participle)
The past simple is only the base form of the verb with the added termination “ED” or “D”. The present perfect is a finished action with indefinite time or completed passed action in an unfinished time period.

ii) Differences in usage:

The past simple is just something that happened in the past and the present perfect is a finished action with indefinite time or completed passed action in an unfinished time period

iii) Example sentences:

Past simple: Past simple: Affirmative: (Base form + “ED”)

She cried all morning.

Present perfect: Affirmative (sub+ aux. verb + have + past participle)
She has cried all morning

c) Present perfect and past perfect

i) Explanation of differences in structure:

Past perfect: affirmative: (Subject + had + past participle)
Present perfect: Affirmative (sub+ aux. verb + have + past participle)
Action that occurred in the past BUT before the subject performed another action.

The present perfect is a finished action with indefinite time or completed passed action in an unfinished time period.

ii) Differences in usage:

The past perfect is an action that occurred in the past BUT before the subject performed another action.

The present perfect is a finished action with indefinite time or completed passed action in an unfinished time period

iii) Example sentences:

Past perfect: affirmative: (Subject + had + past participle)
I was told not to be rude

Present perfect: Affirmative (sub+ aux. verb + have + past participle)
She has cried all morning